Living

Notes:

Ref: Clan Munro files - Munro, Henry Dallas - GEDCOM file HMUNRO.GED dated 9
Oct 1996

Henry married Evelyn Capistrant about 1934. Evelyn was born about 1901; and died. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Evelyn Capistrant is listed as "White - French" by the Bureau of Indian Affairs.

Ref: Clan Munro files - Munro, Henry Dallas - GEDCOM file HMUNRO.GED dated 9
Oct 1996

Compiled and edited by Allen Alger, Genealogist, Clan Munro Association, USA

Birth:
Estimate: This birth date is an estimate based on the birth dates of nearest relatives or contemporaries, or based on other clues such as christening date, marriage date, birth order, etc.

Notes:

BIO:WILLIAM IN CANADA & MONTANA

BIO:Blackfoot Indian Agency Enrollment 1908:

BIO:William was born near Edmonton, Canada in November of 1847. He was sent to High Bluff, Manitoba to school. He was at Rocky Mountain Fort near the head of the Saskatchewan River in 1869-70. He came to Montana in 1887 and the returned to Calgary. He stayed near the mountains one winter and then went to Stoney Plains, 13 miles west of Edmonton. Stayed there about 5 years and then came to the Blackfeet Reservation and has remained here ever since. (1908) William is listed on the Blackfoot census of 1900 as 45 years old, with wife, Jennie*, 29. His children are listed as John or William Wallace (9), Isabelle (7), Donald (6), and Henry (2). He identifies his wife as Mary Virginia, married August 28, 1887 at Calgary by the Catholic priest. Her brothers and sisters are listed as living in Calgary and Edmonton, Canada.

TBL:*Probably "Ginny" as nickname for "Virginia."

BIO: In 1909 the children are listed as: John, 19 yrs; Isabelle Baer, 17 yrs; Donald Munro 15 yrs; Henry Munro 10 yrs; Mason Munro 8 yrs; Montcalm Munro 5 yrs; Ethel Munro 3 yrs; Louis Munro born January 8, 1910.

BIO:AFFIDAVIT FOR BALACKFOOT ROLLS APPLICATION:

TBL:State of Montana County of Teton
I, William Munroe, a half blood Piegan Indian 42 years of age, after being first duly sworn, deposes and say:
My father was John Munroe, a half blood Piegan Indian, enrolled at Blackfoot Agency as No. 173. My father died August 12, 1908.
My father's father was Hugh Munroe, a white man, now deceased.
My father's mother was Fox Woman, a full blood Piegan Indian now deceased.
My mother was Isabelle Calder Munroe, now deceased. I know nothing of my mother's antecedants or her relatives.
My father's brothers and sisters are as follows: Amelia Fox, full sister, enrolled at Blackfoot Agency as No. 2004; Frank Munroe, full brother, enrolled at Blackfoot Agency as No. 1885; Lizzie Smith, full sister, enrolled at Blackfoot Agency as No. 1365.
My brothers and sisters are as follows: Angus Munroe, half brother, same father, enrolled at Blackfoot Agency, Montana as No. 174; Joseph Munroe, full brother; Campbell Munroe, full brother; Victoria Munroe McKay, full sister; Sophia Munroe Powell, full sister, enrolled at Blackfoot Agency, Montana as No. 1365.
My grandparents, Hugh Munroe and Fox Woman, were married in the Indian country about 1823, and traveled with the Piegan Indians all over the Buffalo country and in what is now the Provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan, and the State of Montana. My father, John Munroe, was born near Fort Benton, Montana.
I was born near Edmonton, Canada, in the year 1867. When I was two years of age I was sent to school at High Bluffs, Manitoba; after leaving school I traveled back and forth between the Provinces of Canada and the state of Montana. I was in Montana in 1887, from there I went back to Canada and stayed there until about the year 1900 when I returned to the Blackfoot Indian Reservation, Montana, and have lived here ever since. Just before I returned to the Blackfoot Reservation I recieved word from Major Mauger, who was then Indian Agent at Blackfoor Indian Agency, Montana, that it was desired that all that had tickets coming on the reservation should come there to live, and that he wanted me to come on the reservation at once.
I have in my possession an old ration monthly draft which shows that I and my wife, with two children, drew rations from the ration stores, and in the third quarter beef. This ticket shows that my family number was ___.
I was married on August 28, 1887 to Mary Virginia Poktt, my present wife, at Calgary, Alberta.
I have seven children as follows:
John Munroe, born at Stoney Plains, N.W.T. July 9, 1890
Donald Munroe, " " " " December 31, 1893
Henry Munroe, born at Blackfoot Indian Reservation February 11, 1899
Maron Munroe " " " " December 22, 1901
Malcolm Munroe " " " " November 1, 1904
Ethel Munroe " " " " November 15, 1906
Isobel Munro Keir, wife of John Keir, b. at Stoney Plains, N.W.T.,
Canada, April 11, 1892
I desire that I and my seven children be recognized as members of the Piegan tribe of Indians and enrolled as such at the Blackfoot Indian Agency, Montana.
(S) William Munroe
Subscribed and sworn to before me this 13th day of July, 1909. (Widow-Jas M Arnoux) Frances M. Arnoux
U.S. Commissioner as Secy.

Ref: Clan Munro files - Munro, Henry Dallas - GEDCOM file HMUNRO.GED dated 9
Oct 1996

William married Mary Virginia Poktt on 28 Aug 1887 in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, Catholic. Mary was born in 1862-1863; and died. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

BIO:Mary Virginia Poktt is Listed as "Virginia Monroe - widow" on 1936 Blackfoot Census. It also designates her as Cree; Christine (wife of John) also stated in 1908 that Virginia was a Cree.

TBL:Virginia Monroe Age 73 Cree Widow #2087 Louie Monroe age 26 3/8 Blackfoot-Cree Son #2088 John L. Monroe age 18 3/8 Blackfoot-Cree Son

Ref: Clan Munro files - Munro, Henry Dallas - GEDCOM file HMUNRO.GED dated 9
Oct 1996

Notes:

ARCHIVE RECORDS OF JOHN MUNROE & FAMILY

John's birthdate based on Reservation Census Records although these vary widely. He may have been as born as early as 1822. His son, Angus Munro states John's age as 85 when he died 12 August 1908 (thus b. 1823). Gerald Morrison research states a birth year of 1931.

PICTURE:20H*JOHN MUNROE (ca. 1905)

PICTURE:John Munroe, half-blood son of Hugh Munro and his Piegan wife Sinopah, expanded his cattle interests into the empty grazing lands north of the Two Medicine River. (Photo by Thomas Magee)

Blackfoot records states he married Isobella Calder, who was reportedly 1/2 Cree and 1/2 white. Gerald Morrison states he married ISOBEL FRANCOIS LUCIER on 7 June 1857 (no location). Whether married once or twice, "Isobel" appears to have died before 1890 when John returned to the Two Medicine Creek area. Then there is much confusion about the name of wives; they are listed variously as "Susan, Justin(e), and Christine." He was married again, listing Justine as his wife on the 1900 Federal and Blackfoot Census. Listing of oldest children born to John and Isabella are confirmed by affidavits listing their brothers and sisters.

National Archive Blackfoot Census Rolls
Age in... 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 JOHN MUNRO 64 65 66 67 70 74 Susan 32 33 34 35 36 40
Angus 4 5 6 7 7 7
Peter 1 2 3 4 - -
Joseph 7 8 9 10 - -
Wilson/William 12 13 14 15 - -
Francis 15 16 17 18 19 -
4 mo. male
Louis - - - - 13 14
Justin - - - - 23 24

Blackfoot Agency Records (Microfilm # 1275620 - SLC 1994) 1895 1896
JOHN MUNRO Husband 68 74
JUSTIN Wife 36 40
FRANK Son 19 -
LOUIS Son 13 14
ANGUS Son 7 7
JUSTIN Daughter 2 2

In 1897 the following census was recorded for John Munro:
#1795 JOHN MUNRO Head of House age 70
Justine Wife 45
Gust Son 9
Lewis Son 8
Frank, Jr Step-son 16
Francis Son (or S-son?) 22
Justine Daughter 28

The following Blackfoot census is listed for 1899-1902:
Age 1899 1900 1901 1902
JOHN MONROE Father 76 75 75 78
Louis Son 18 20
August (Hank) Son 11 12 14 15

School Records & Census (Microfilm # 1275621 - SLC 1994) 1902
JOHN MUNRO Father 75
LOUIS Son 21 (Cree)
ANGUS Son 14 Mission School

1900 Federal Census, Blackfoot Reservation, Teton County, Montana (Microfilm # 1240915 - Enum Dist # 212 - Dwelling 440
Born Place of b. Father b. Mother b. John Munro Head April 1830 70 Canada Canada Canada Justine Wife March 1855 45 Canada Canada Canada Angus Son April 1889 11 Montana Canada Canada
John states he has been married a total of 20 years
Justin also married 2 years, has had two children; 2 are still living.

On the 1908 Blackfoot affidavits the following is recorded: "Christine Munroe, wife of John Munroe, Sr., says she is a Cree and the wives of William and Joseph are Crees. Christine says that all the children of John Munroe, except Angus and Louis got script. She herself got it. John Munroe put his name down on the books but did not get his script." February 18, 1908

Blackfoot Agency records: Births, Marriages and Deaths MF#1275621-22 #173 JOHN MUNRO 85 years old Died August 12, 1908
Informant: Angus Munroe, son #174

No listing is found for Justine in 1910. Did she return to Canada to live with her family?

JOHN DOCUMENTED BY EARLY WRITERS

John is frequently listed in the writings of early Blackfeet Indian historians as "John Monroe, the son of Hugh Munro the White Blackfoot." In 1890-96 George Bird Grinnell visited the Blackfoot Reservation and surrounding areas accumulating information in his effort to have the area set aside as Glacier National Park. He spent some time in interviewing Piegan Indians as material for a book eventually published as "BLACKFOOT LODGE TALES" by Scribeners and later (1962) reissued by the University of Nebraska Press.

In this history of Blackfoot customs and beliefs Grinnell refers to Hugh and his family:

"The veteran Prairie man, Mr. Hugh Monroe, and his son, John Monroe, have also given me much information. William Jackson, an educated half-breed, who did good service from 1874 to 1879, scouting under Generals Custer and Miles..has given me valuable assistance."

In Warren Hanna's 1988 publication of "lost" Shultz manuscrips (JAMES WILLARD SHULTZ, RECENTLY DISCOVERED TALES OF LIFE AMONG THE INDIANS, Hanna, Mountian Press, Missoula MT 1988) Shultz comments:

TBL:"Piegan, Montana, Oct. 24, 1893 - John Monroe came in yesterday from the headwaters of Badger Creek, and brought with him the head of a very large bull moose which he killed up there. He says there are quite a number of elk, deer and bear in that vicinity, and is going back there tomorrow to have another hunt. Monroe is said to be the best moose hunter in the Northwest. In the early days, when he was employed by the Hudson's Bay Co. way up in the Saskatchewan country, he was far and away the most successful hunter of this game. He is getting pretty old now, and his eyesight is poor, yet it seems he still knows how to "get there."
No-one in this country, Indian or white, knows how to call moose, and they are not much hunted. As near as I can learn Monroe finds the track asnd then instead of following it he keeps circling until he locates the animal".

BIO:JOHN AS "EAGLE CATCHER"

BIO:Before the white men came to Blackfoot country, the Indian standard of value was eagle tail feathers. They were used to make war head-dresses, ornament shields, lances and other weapons. Wings were made into fans, and body feathers cut to fletch arrows.A wary bird, the eagle could not be approached close enough to be killed by bow and arrow, and indeed, it was considered improper to kill one that way. The capture of the eagle was viewed as something of a sacred nature, was preceeded with prayers for help and success, and was the domain of only selected individuals.

BIO:In his volume on the Blackfeet Grinnell identifies John Munro as "a famous eagle catcher." He relates the account narrated by John of how he caught eagles:

TBL:A pit was dug, six feet long, three wide, and four deep, on top of the highest knoll that can be found near a stream. The earth taken out is carried a long way off. Over the pit is laid two long poles lengthwise, and smaller sticks are laid across, resting on the poles. The smaller sticks are covered with juniper twigs and long grass. The skin of a wolf or coyote is stuffed with grass to look natural. A hole is cut in the wolf skin and a rope passed through it, one end being tied to a large piece of meat which lies by the skin, and the other end passing through the roof down into the pit. The bait is covered with grass and the eagle-catcher returns to his lodge for the night.
During the night he sings his eagle songs and burns sweet grass, rubbing the smoke over his arms and body to purify himself. Before day he goes to the eagle pit and lies down in it, uncovering the bait, and holding the rope. In the pit the eagle-catcher can see out through the twig covering, and can hear the sound of an eagle coming. When the bird settles on the ground it does not land on the bait, but at one side of it, striking the ground with a thud - heavily. The eagle walks toward the bait and onto the roof of the pit. Seeing in which direction the head is, the man reaches out through the roof twigs and grasps the eagle by both feet, and draws it into the pit. He wrings the neck to kill the bird, closes the opening and repairs the twig roof. So the man waits and collects the eagles that come through the day. He may get nothing or, again, have 8 or 10 eagles at the end of the day.
At the end of the day the eagle-catcher goes home. He carries his eagles to a special "eagle's lodge" prepared outside the camp. He places them on the ground in a row, and raises their heads, resting them on a stick laid in front of the row. In the mouth of each one is put a piece of pemmican, so that they might not be afraid of people, prayers are said and the feathers were blessed for use.

BIO:JOHN MUNROE'S DESCENDANTS ON THE BLACKFOOT RESERVATION

BIO:John is listed early in the various narrations of Hugh Munro's descendants among the Blackfoot Indians. He, and his sons, were well known to early government and independant agents among the Indians. The majority of Munro descendants on the Blackfoot Reservation today mark their descent from John, mainly though his son, Joseph, who had nine children who settled on the present reservation lands. John not only raised his own family, but also provided a home for nieces and nephews as well as step-children when they had need of a home in the absence of their parents.

PICTURE:20F*CATHOLIC PRIEST WITH MR. & MRS. JOHN MUNROE

PICTURE:One of the most famous of the Black Robes was the Jesuit missionary, Father de Smet, called Long Teeth by the Blackfeet. The Jesuit shown is photographed here with some of the more Christian mixed-blood families of the north side of the Reservation: Mr. & Mrs. John Munroe, Mrs. Upham, Mrs. Kipp, and Mrs. Croft.

BIO:The Jesuit Missionaries, known as "Black Robes," provided the initial Christian contact with the plains Indian tribes. Those entering the Flathead and Blackfoot areas journeyed south from Canadian trading posts. Hugh Munro guided the Jesuit priests into the Flathead area in the 1840's where they established St. Mary and St. Ignatius Missions. Hugh also was the guide for Jesuit Father Peter de Smet when he first came among the Blackfeet in the 1840's. Father Nicholas Point baptized Blackfeet in Montana in 1845 and 1846.

BIO:St. Peter's Mission for the Blackfeet was initially established in about 1857 on the Teton River near Choteau and had a varied and changing history. It was then moved to a location on the Sun River near Fort Shaw where it operated for six months. Due to the nomadic life style of the Blackfeet, plus U.S. Government conflict in the 1860's, the Mission was again established, as St. Peter The Apostle Mission, in 1861 on the Marias River. From 1862 to 1866 St. Peters operated at a site on the left bank of the Missouri River.

BIO:In 1866 the U.S. Government awarded the Blackfoot agency and missionary responsibility to the Methodist Church. Agent John Young, a Methodist minister, came into open conflict with the Jesuit missionaries, and banned them from the reservation and forbid them to preach among the Indians or administer sacraments on Blackfoot territory. For eight years, from 1866 to 1874, the Methodist church was established as tutor and guardian of the Blackfeet children, despite the wishes of their parents.

BIO:After the 1870 "Baker Massacre" in which a peaceful band of Piegans were annihilated by U.S. soldiers from Fort Shaw, Congress decided to shift the general Indian policy to practice peace rather than war. Part of the "Peace Policy" was a more determined effort to educate Blackfoot children, and a day school was established at "Old Agency", the new Blackfoot agency complex at Badger Creek created by Agent John Young.

BIO:When the Blackfoot Reservation boundary was moved north in 1874, St. Peter's Mission was left sixty miles to the south. Unwilling to give up his missionary work and "desert" his Catholic Blackfoot families, Father Prando built a small mission complex just across the reservation boundary on the south side of Birch Creek. Although off the reservation, St Peter's Boarding School continued to operate for many years, providing basic education and training for Blackfoot children.

BIO:In 1887 Chief White Calf, who had been baptized by Father Prando in 1882, contributed land on the Two Medicine River for a Mission church and school. Father Damiani and three Ursuline Sisters built and and opened the mission school, Holy Family, in 1890. With few exceptions the students spent the entire year at the school. They did not go home for holidays and parents were not allowed to visit, although a student recalls that "the families of the children would camp in the bush and the kids would visit them on holidays." Student isolation from family was used to break down the "old ways" and habits, and to convert them to "civilization" by eradicating traditional Blackfoot language, values and daily practices. The curriculum at Holy Family was vocational and spiritual as well as academic. The children started with "ABC's" learning to write and speak English at the same time. School was from grade one through grade five. The students also provided the labor for household duties such as cooking, baking, washing and ironing clothes, etc.

BIO:Some of the children and grandchildren of John Munroe enrolled at Holy Family after 1900 were: Augustine (Hank), Antoine, Campbell, Mary, Sarah, Jennie, Eliza and Charles David Munroe.

BIO:By 1910 there were 771 children of school age who could attend the Holy Family Mission; a day school at the Old Willow Creek complex; the new Agency boarding school at Cut Bank; or the off-reservation schools at Fort Shaw in Montana, or Carisle in Pennsylvania, although the space available in these scools fell far short of the number of children of school age. In 1905 the Browning Day School opened as a public school for children who actually lived in Browning or at the agency itself.

BIO: John was known among his Blackfoot compatriots as "Piskun" or, in english translation - Buffalo Corral. This is probably appropriate as he settled in the Two Medicine River Valley wherein lies a high cliff over which the Indians drove buffalo to kill or collect them for butchering. This bluff still exists only a short distance from the old Holy Family Mission Church and cemetery. Nearby is land still owned by Munro descendants and used for winter cattle grazing.

Ref: Clan Munro files - Munro, Henry Dallas - GEDCOM file HMUNRO.GED dated 9
Oct 1996

Birth:
Estimate: This birth date is an estimate based on the birth dates of nearest relatives or contemporaries, or based on other clues such as christening date, marriage date, birth order, etc.

John married Isabelle Calder on 7 Jun 1857. Isabelle was born about 1825; and died. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Isabelle Calder (or Lucier).

Ref: Clan Munro files - Munro, Henry Dallas - GEDCOM file HMUNRO.GED dated 9
Oct 1996

Compiled and edited by Allen Alger, Genealogist, Clan Munro Association, USA

Birth:
Estimate: This birth date is an estimate based on the birth dates of nearest relatives or contemporaries, or based on other clues such as christening date, marriage date, birth order, etc.