William Smith

Notes:

BIO:William states in 1908 that he is 1/4 Piegan - his father William Smith, a white man. His first wife was a Blood Indan woman; they had no children. He now lives at Pike Lake near the Canadian line.

Ref: Clan Munro files - Munro, Henry Dallas - GEDCOM file HMUNRO.GED dated 9
Oct 1996

William married Amy Augare on 1 Feb 1902 in Holy Family Miss, , MT. Amy was born about 1886; and died. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

1. Mamie Smith was born about 1902; and died.
2. Julia Smith was born about 1903; and died.
3. Rosie Smith was born about 1905; and died.
4. Elsie Smith was born on 14 Dec 1907; and died.
5. Eveline Smith was born on 21 Nov 1909; and died.

Notes:

William "Nosey" Smith

Ref: Clan Munro files - Munro, Henry Dallas - GEDCOM file HMUNRO.GED dated 9 Oct 1996

Compiled and edited by Allen Alger, Genealogist, Clan Munro Association, USA

William married Elizabeth Munro about 1874 in Choteau, Teton Co., Montana, USA. Elizabeth (daughter of Hugh Munro, Jr. and Sinopah Kit Fox Woman) was born about 1833 in Maria's Creek, Glacier Co., Dakota Territory, USA; and died. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

LIZZIE MUNROE, DAUGHTER OF RISING WOLF

Lizzie, the second daughter of Rising Wolf and Sinopah, is an elusive figure in the Blackfoot Reservation records. The best glimpses of her character are found in the writings about her brother Frank, and in her nephew, William Jackson's, stories about his early adventures with the family. The following records are from her undated transcript to the Blackfoot Agency.

National Archives Records of Blackfeet Indians MF#1275621 LDS Library SLCity, UT., March 1995 Page # 538

Listed as "Lizzie Smith" and designated a full sister of Frank Munro on page 528 of same document. Lizzie was born on Maria's Creek in the present Glacier County of Montana - at that time part of the Dakota Territory or undesignated Northwest Territory of the U.S. Birth order unsure - may have been third child of Hugh Munro and Kit Fox Woman (Full Blackfoot wife); was listed as 63 years old on above undated transcript (PROBABLY 1906-8).

Her first marriage was to a Joe Deschamps, who is dead by 1906, and his relatives unknown. She lists as children of this marriage:
MARY COBELL, wife of TONY COBELL who lives on the Flathead Indian Reservation. Had a boy, now dead - No issue.

Her present marriage is listed as with WILLIAM "Nosey" SMITH; whereabouts peresently unknown. They were married at Choteau by a Justice of the Peace in about 1874, about one year after she came back from the North. Listed are six children of this marriage.

Julia - wife of George Cook
William - married and lives on reservation
Matilda - widow of Charley Buckly, lives Great Falls, has some children.
Samuel - married, lives at Summit, MT
Viola - wife of Charley Delaney
Peter - 20, single, lives on Livermore Creek with mother.

Lizzie traveled as a child with her family from the U.S. Northwest Territory to Canada. She returned to the Blackfeet Reservation in about 1873 and was on the Indian rolls and lived in about 1906-7 at Livermore Creek. In the 1809 Reservation Census she is listed as: #1439 Lizzie Smith, widow, age 75. (Probable birth year 1833 or before.)

Lizzie Munro was an exceptionally independant and strong minded woman. In a culture where womwn were usually dependant on a husband for food, housing and other necessities it is unusual to read the narrations about her by her brothers. In stories narrated to Schultz, Frank Munro represents Lizzie as a girl who was anxious to acquire the skills of her brothers, and excelled at trapping, hunting and other activities. Her independance is reflected in her deposition to the Blackfoot Agency when she states her husband is "Nosey Smith, whereabouts unknown."
*See William Jackson for included information on Lizzie.

Ref: Clan Munro files - Munro, Henry Dallas - GEDCOM file HMUNRO.GED dated 9
Oct 1996

Notes:

!An interesting addition to the preceding family group is the documentation of the life of Hugh Munro or "Rising Wolf" of the Blackfeet indians in the Centennial Canadian Issue (No. 10. 1967) of the Clan Munro Magazine from Scotland. J. W. Schultz wrote two books* on the life experiences of Rising Wolf (Hugh Munro) from direct acqauintace with him in his later years. Hugh states he spent his early years roaming the outdoors near his Quebec home, spending only enough time at his studies to learn to read and write. At 15 years of age he joined the Hudson Bay Company as an engage' and journeyed west. He never returned to eastern Canada or saw his family again.
There are a number of his descendants among the Blackfeet Indians; a grandson, William Jackson, was a scout for Custer, later becoming a partner of the author Schultz.

Schultz states in his narrative of Hugh Munro's second year with the Blackfeet (RED CROW'S BROTHER, James Willard Schultz, Houton Mifflin Co, 1927) the following about the Glacier Park area: ...We came to a beautiful lake, the second one of the lakes of Two Medicine Lodges River. At its head was a pine-clad, steep mountain which Red Crow said was named Rising Bull. It did have the appearance of the sharp back of a buffalo getting up onto its feet. (1) And just to the north of us was another and still higher mountain, of reddish rock, which was I-kot-ei Is-tuki (Red Mountain), one of the great peaks of the range. (2)

(1) Later named Sin-o-pah-ki Is-tuk-i (Fox Woman Mountain). Fox Woman was the faithful wife of Rising Wolf (Hugh Munro) (2) In 1896, after our old friend died, and we buried him in the Two Medicine Valley and in sight of this mountain that he loved so well, we named it for him: Rising Wolf Mountain.

George Bird Grinnell, who wrote many articles and books about his experiences with the Indians, also was also a friend of Hugh Munro. In his book PAWNEE,

BLACKFOOT AND CHEYENNE (Scribner's 1913) he related the following about lakes in the Montana mountains (Glacier Park):
This region is known throughout northern Montana as the St. Mary's Lake country. In a narrow valley running back into the mountains lie two great lakes, the upper about 12 miles long, and the lower seven. These are enlargements of the St Mary's River, a branch of the Saskatchewan. Here, forty-eight years ago (about 1837), Hugh Monroe [sic], a devout Catholic, assisted by a party of Kootenai Indians, set up on the shores of the lower lake a great cross made of two pine trees, and called the lakes St. Mary's.

BIO:HUGH MUNRO, JR - HIS EARLY YEARS IN L'ASSUMPTION

BIO:LA PAROISE DE L'ASSUMPTION - REPERTOIRE DES BAPTISMES 1724-1800 Publication # 17 (1981) LaCentre de Genealogie S.C. Ottawa, Canada Children of Hugh and Angelique Munro:

TBL:#6318 MUNRO, HUGH Born: 25 Aug 1799 Baptised: 26 Aug 1799

BIO:BAPTISMS, MARRIAGES AND SEPULCURES of PAROISE St. Surplise, L'Assumption de la Vierge Marie, de Montcalm, Quebec; diocese of Montreal, Quebec. (1724-1876) Mf # 1018241, SLC, UT 1994 VBM

TBL:BAPTISM: de Hugues Munro: Le vingt Six Aout mil Sept Cent quatre vingt dix neuf par moi Fretere Soussigne a ete Baptiste hughes ne' hier de legitime Mariage de Monsieur hughes Munro, Merchand et da Dame Angelique Leroux les fere et Mere de cette Paroisse. Le Larein a ete' Monsieur Charles Dorion et la Mareine Marguerite Dorion. Les quels out Signe avec vour ainvique le Fere present. deap mot interlique's et deux ralure valable. [Signed] Hugh Munro Charles Dorion Marguerite Dorion

*James Willard Schultz, "Rising Wolf, The White Blackfoot: Hugh Munroe's Story of His First Year On The Plains", "Red Crow's Brother: Hugh Munroe's Story of His Second Year On The Plains", Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston, N.Y., 1919 & 1927. In 1951 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer released part of his story adapted as the Western "Across The Wide Missouri" with John Hodiak as Hugh Munro.

BIO:Biographical information of Hugh Munro is mainly contained in the volumes on the Blackfeet Indians written by James Willard Schultz who was a contemporary of Hugh in the last two decades of his life. Schultz describes Hugh as: "slender, but not tall with brown hair and blue eyes." (The blue eyes are a legacy still seen in various present descendants!) He records the following from his conversations with Hugh "Rising Wolf":

TBL:NOTE:Biographical data provided by J.W.Schultz has proved grossly inacurate in some areas. It must be kept in mind that Schultz was a "story-teller" and consigned his recollections to paper long after Hugh Munro had died. Some of his narrations are "composites" of experiences written in a manner to provide a a free flowing story.

TBL:Hugh was born in the Three Rivers area of Quebec where his father, Capt. Hugh Munro of the British Army was associated with his mother's family in business.
His mother was of a noted family of French emegres' and her father owned a fine mansion in Montreal as well as a large estate in the Three Rivers area where they lived. His childhood days were quiet enough as he played with the peasant children. A Jesuit Father, residing with the Leroux household, taught Hugh a smattering of reading and writing in both French and English. The gift of a light smooth-bore gun was a turning point in his young life. From that time on he spent most of his time hunting in the forest surrounding the settlement. At age 12 he killed his first deer; at 13 he shot two black bears. An old pensioner of his mother, a half-breed Montagnais Indian, too old and feeble to do much for himself, taught him to trap beaver, otter, fox, fisher, martin and mink. Every spring his grandfather sold the pelts for him in Montreal for a good price.
In the autumn of 1812, during the months of the War, his grandfather sent for them to live with him in Montreal. Hugh disliked city life as he could neither hunt nor trap, and he did not understand the "town boys" whose interests were so unlike his own. Mornings he had to attend the parish school, but afternoons he escaped to row on the river or visit in the warehouses of the Hudson Bay Company with which his grandfather was affiliated. There he met voyageurs and trappers from far places. They presented a exotic picture with their buckskin clothes, fur caps and colorful beaded moccasins. He became fast friends of both the French and English factions and spent many happy hours listening to their tales of wild adventures, of fights with Indians, encounters with fierce bears of the Far West, and of the perils of canoe trips on madly running rivers. He began to beg his family to let him join "The Company" and go West.

BIO:Young Hugh would have been living in a "family of women" at L'Assumption. He was preceeded in birth by five sisters [two surviving] and followed by another two sisters and only one brother - five years his junior. He would have had every opportunity to taste the excitement of the voyageurs, fur trappers and traders from even his own front doorstep. L'Assumption lies in a noted horeshoe bend of the l'Assumption River and the canoes were all beached at one end of l'Assumption's main street - Rue la portage'-, carried up the street and launched again at the other end. Fronting on the upper portage landing were all the commercial establishments of this important trading town: the Custom House, the North West Fur Offices, and all the merchant establishments serving the area. Little wonder that this first son of Hugh and Angelique, who was a notorious "truant" from the classroon - by his own admission "not a scholar" - begged early and long until he finally convinced his parents to let him join the furtrading adventure !

BIO:His father finally agreed saying: "He is obviously born for the adventurous life, and nothing else, so we may as well let him begin now and grow up to a responsible position with the company." His mother shed many tears but finally agreed to let him go after securing a promise from him that he would return for a visit at the end of his 5 year indenture. Angelique spent many tearful hours sewing and packing his clothing, and assembling a kit that included a razor for a lad too young yet to need to shave ! She slipped a Missal between his shirts and prayed for his safe return. Hugh, ever the practical Scot, handed his son a pair of dependable flint-lock pistols, and followed them up with a few basic rules from the " Army rank and file" to help keep him out of the worst troubles and temptations. "Just remember your heritage and depend on it," he admonished. "You are a Scot and a MUNRO. For centuries Munros have been courageous adventurers and Highland warriors. You have that courage - you will do well."

BIO:FROM MONTREAL TO ROCKY MOUNTAIN FORT WITH THE HUDSON BAY COMPANY
BIO:Very early on the morning of May 3rd, 1814, almost four months short of his sixteenth birthday, he signed his Articles of Appreticeship to the Hudson Bay Company for five years at 20 pounds per year. As the heavily loaded canoes bobbed beside the quay Hugh endured the tearful kisses of his mother and her admonitions to remember his prayers. The proud Scottish father could only gaze into the bright blue eyes so like his own, grip the hand of his young son and mutter, "Keep your nose clean and your hair on !" before Hugh scrambled aboard the wallowing canoe. As they turned out into the river and the voyageurs sang and dug in their paddles Hugh waved and watched until the little knot of figures on the quay faded from view, little knowing that he would never see Montreal or his family again.

BIO:There were five boats in the flotilla, each one loaded with 4 to 5 tons of goods for the Indian trade. Everything was done up in waterproof packages of 100 pounds each. The heavy goods were mostly guns, powder and balls, and flints, tobacco, beads, beaver traps, brass and copper wire, axes, copper and brass kettles of various sizes, and small hand mirrors. The lighter goods were blankets, woolen cloth, needles, awls, thread, and trinkets to strike the Red Man's fancy. It was not a very valuable cargo in Montreal but at Mountain Fort in the Rocky Mountains it was of enormous value. There a gun was worth sixty beaver pelts, and even a twist of tobacco sold for two beaver skins !

BIO:The voyageurs paddled up the St. Lawrence River and turned into the Ottawa River which they ascended as far as it was navigable. They then portaged the boats from lake to lake until, early in September, they arrived at York Factory on the Saskatchewan River close to Hudson Bay. There they wintered and set out again as soon as the ice went out in the spring. At last, on the 10th of July, 1815, after many weary days of rowing and cordelling up the swift Saskatchewan River, they arrived at Mountain Fort. The fort biuldings, built of logs and roofed with poles and earth, were in a heavily timbered bottom above the high-water mark of the river. It was enclosed in a high, log stockade with a bastion on one corner in which there were two small cannon. It was later to be known as BOW FORT as the stream it was on was a main tributary of the Saskatchewan River known as the Bow River. [This location is now near Calgary, Alberta, Canada.]

BIO:Camped in the vicinity and milling about the grounds of the Fort were thousands of Indians awaiting the annual arrival of the company's flotilla of boats loaded with trade goods. There were three tribes of the Blackfoot Confederacy as well as Gros-Ventures and Saksikas making over 30,000 Indians at the fort. Hugh saw the smoke curling from countless numbers of tall tan tipis through the roiling dust created by the mounted Indian riders yiping around the camp area, and the children racing about in play. He was speachless with excitement and fascination as he viewed the exotic scene - even more wonderful than any of his wildest imaginations !

BIO:Hugh was acknowledged by James Hardesty and immediately put to work inside the Trading Post. First the cargo had to be unloaded and inventoried into the proper books, bundles, barrels and bins. Then the long days of trading began. From dawn to dark Hugh fetched, weighed, counted and carried. The factor and clerks took the furs, examined them for condition and grade and tallied them. Then the bargaining and trade began with the Indian through the interpreter. As items were chosen they were piled upon the counter after many comments and examination and fingering of the available goods. With silent wives and eager children looking on, the transaction is finally completed and the brave packs up and leaves as another takes his place.

BIO:To Hugh the days seem endless. He toils away in the dimly lit back rooms preparing stock and delivering items to the counter. Hardesty and the clerks leave little opportunity for him to watch the bargaining and trade, or interact with the Indians waiting in the store. After dark there are still furs to stack and bundle for the long voyage to Montreal. He thinks about the thousands of tipis camped along the river and wonders if he will ever get out into the day light again ! This was not what he had bargained for ! He thought he would be outdoors among the trappers and Indians, and able to live and hunt in the wild. How could he possibly spend the next five long years of his life doing this ?

BIO:In desperation he finally manages to find time between duties to escape outside occasionally and talk with the post interpreters and employees. In hunting and trapping they soon found he was not the "greenhorn" they had expected, and recognized his keen interest in the Indians. Hugh had a good ear for languages and was quick to pick up the universally used sign language of the Indians and traders. They quickly began to take him on their evening "visiting rounds" among the Indians at the camp. Soon Hugh was able to go alone and found several Indian youths near his age that he could "talk" to. He began to spend most of his free time with Red Crow, a member of the Small Robes band. Hugh envied Red Crow's freedom to hunt and trap and his nomadic life, as well as his large hospitable family.

The Hudson's Bay Company was eager to expand fur trading with these tribes, but suffered by a lack of interpreters of the Blackfoot tongue. The Blackfoot Confederation did not allow encroachment on their traditional hunting and trapping areas by white trappers or other tribes. They "discouraged" tresspassing by hunting down and killing any outsiders found in their territory.

BIO:Factor James Hardesty was quick to note Hugh's interest in the Indians as well as his eagerness to be out doors. He also watched the growing friendship with Red Crow and saw an opportunity that would be of benefit to both "The Company" and the Blackfoot. Hardesty had often thought that the ideal way to stabilize his fur trading relationship with the elusive Blackfeet would be to send a white trapper or agent to live and travel with them and learn their language. So far he had not been able to suggest this possibility to any of his agents or employees for two reasons. First, he had noone who would be willing to embark on what they would consider a virtual death sentance as a tresspasser into Blackfoot country ! And second, the Blackfoot were so aloof that a suggestion of this kind could be mistaken in it's intent, and he would break his tenous trading hold on them and lose them to the North West Company.

BIO:Despite his proclivity to join the Indians Hugh was bound by his contract with the Hudson Bay Company, and soon settled into the annual acivities and routines of the forts. He thrived on the expeditions and trips into the wilds and endured his time within the company forts. The following summarizes his experiences during his sojourn with Hudson's Bay.

TBL:Hugh Munro entered the service of the Hudson's Bay company and was appointed apprentice in the Edmonton District. His "parish" was entered in the company books as "Canada."
During the summer of 1816 he was at Carlton House under John Peter Pruden. In the fall of 1818 he traveled with Francis Heron from Carlton House to Edmonton House and apparently spent the winter of 1818-19 there. In May 1819 Heron left William Flett in charge of Edmonton House with Munroe as one of his assistants. At the end of outfit 1818-19 Heron reported Munro as being "not of much use at present, but may be of some service hereafter." Munro remained at Edmonton except for short excursions to the Beaver River and Acton House (the post in opposition to Rocky Mountain House of the North West Company), until January 19, 1820 when he was sent to Summer Berry (Pembina) River to remain there until spring. On May 4, 1820 he arrived at Edmonton House having been directed to abandon the post at Pembina River since the Indians were leaving that quarter. From the middle of May until nearly the end of November Munro was stationed at Acton House; on his return he remained at Edmonton House until February 19, 1821 when he was sent to Carlton House for supplies, returning March 30.
Later in the spring he was at Moose Lake where he remained until June 4. He spent the summer in various short expeditions from Edmonton House to Pembina River and Moose Lake. On September 8 he started from Edmonton for Moose Lake, but this post was abandoned shortly afterwards in favor of Dog Rump Creek House, situated about three miles above old Buckingham House. Munro apparently served at Dog Rump Creek House under Patrick Small, returning to Edmonton House on April 28, 1822 with letters "from several parts of the country."
On June 5, 1822 Munro arrived at Carlton House from Edmonton. From there he was sent to Cumberland House on July 28 in order to join the Bow River expedition. He was recorded in Bow River accounts 1822-23 as a clerk with a family of one. In the spring of 1823 he was sent with the Piegans to learn thei language and began his long sojourn with the Piegans.

BIO:Between the Saskatchewan and the Missouri Rivers Hugh camped and hunted over a great stretch of country that no white man had ever seen. At the Falls of the Missouri River he crossed the trail of Lewis and Clark; between the Missouri an Yellowstone River traveled country not yet seen by whites. Through his efforts
the Piegans made peace with the Crows and persuaded them to go north to Mountain Fort to trade their winter furs. Hugh and the Piegans returned to the fort in the New Grass Moon - April, 1824. During Hugh's second year with the Piegans they hunted and trapped in the area now included in Glacier National Park. There he saw the "Lakes Inside" and mountains held sacred to the Blackfeet. And so Hugh fulfilled his contract with Hudson Bay and then became a "free trapper," returning to the post during the trading season as interpreter and occasional employee.

BIO: George Bird Grinnell relates the following story told by Hugh:

TBL:"I was often detailed by the Hudson's Bay Company to go out in charge of a number of men, to kill meat for the fort. When the ground was full of holes and wash-outs, so that running was dangerous, I used to put on a big timber wolf"s skin, which I carried for the purpose, tying it at my neck and waist, and then to sneak up on the buffalo. I used a bow and arrows, and generally shot a number without alarming them. If one looked suspiciously at me, I would howel like a wolf. Sometimes the smell of the blood from the wounded and dying would set the bulls crazy. They would run up and lick the blood, and sometimes toss the dead ones clear from the ground. Then they would bellow and fight each other, sometimes goring one another so badly that they died. The great bulls, their tongues covered with blood, their eyes flashing, and tails sticking out straight, roaring and fighting, were terrible to see; and it was a little dangerous for me, because the commotion would attract buffalo from all directions to see what was going on. At such times I would signal to my men, and they would ride up and scare the buffalo away."

Bio:No record has been found of the origin of Hugh's Pikuni name "Rising Wolf." Among the animals especially respected among the Blackfeet and supposed to have great power, are the buffalo, the bear, the raven, the wolf, the beaver and the kit-fox. The wolves were the people's great friends; they traveled with the people.If a person was hungry and sang a wolf song, he was likely to find food. Men going on a hunting trip sang these songs, which would bring them good luck. The Blackfeet had great belief in visions and dreams, and an animal coming to a man in his dream with a message important to his life, was then regarded as his special protector.

BIO:In 1922 Schultz recorded this narrative by Frank Munroe, son of Rising Wolf:

TBL:My father was "iksatosim." ("Of the sun." Or, "great medicine.") Soon after he took my mother for his woman, before any of us children were born, he one night had a powerful vision. A wolf came to him and said, "I am chief of these great plains, and I have taken a liking to you; therefore I am going to tell you how to make something that will preserve you in times of danger. Go and get the tail feathers of an owl, skins of weasels and minks, and make a war bonnet." In his dream he collected the feathers and skins and made the bonnet, but it did not please the wolf; he took it apart, rearranged the materials, singing all the time as he put it together. When he was satisfied with his work, he put the bonnet on my father and walked around and around him, looking at it, still singing, and at last said, "There, it is as I wanted it. This will preserve you from the enemy; you and any relative or friend to whom you may lend it. And do not forget this, my song that goes with it, and which you are to sing when you put the bonnet on and face danger. However, your possession of the bonnet, just your having it near you, in your lodge, on your person or your horse when travelling, will itself protect you from the enemy." My father's shadow came back into his body. He awoke and thought about his wonderful vision and then woke Fox Woman and told her about it and she was glad. "Sun is kind! He has pitied you; he has caused his child, Chief Wolf, to give you the one thing you need to become a warrior of our tribe ! Make the bonnet at once, so that I may no longer fear for your safety when you go out to hunt and trap."
My father made the bonnet, just as his vision had directed, and kept singing the song over and over until he knew he would not forget it. He carried that bonnet in a painted and fringed rawhide cylinder that he made, and as Chief Wolf had predicted, it helped him safely through many a place where his life was in danger. Time and again he lent it to my grandfather, Lone Walker, and Three Suns, my uncle, and they wore it on raids against the enemy, and with great success. In his old age he gave it to Three Suns; it is now in Three Suns' grave, down below here on the Two Medicine River.

BIO:Frank also related how the sign of Rising Wolf protected them from attack by friendly Indians in many campsites during their trapping and traveling days. Once when Frank was only eight or nine years old Rising Wolf left the Pikuni camp on the Bear River and came north to the Two Medicine Lodge country to trap beaver. They had set up camp in a grove of cottonwoods and his brother, Little Wolf (John), was driving the horses to the ridge to graze for the night. Suddenly, a gun boomed, and a bullet struck a tree in front of him. As soon as he called for help the shooter called out in good Pikuni that he was a friend. They embraced his brother and came down to the lodge where they were welcomed by his father. The friendly Kooteni Indians apologized for mistaking their camp for that of some Cree Indians. After eating and smoking they suggested that Rising Wolf mark the trail to his camp and surrounding trees with his sign to prevent friendly indians from mistaking him for an enemy. The following morning his father blazed trees along the trail and around the camp, and on the white surface painted in black the sign for his name: a man and a wolf rising. And thereafter he did that at every camp that they made, and so more than once saved them from attack from war parties of tribes that were friendly to them.

BIO:"When we had grown a little older, my brother and I made the name signs for him. My brother was angry because I could make the best signs. They were like this":

PICTURE:20F*Drawing by Heavy Eyes of Rising Wolf's Name Painting

BIO:Although documentation is scarce and scattered, various records for Hugh and his family show that for the next fifty years he roamed the western wilderness with the Piegans, ranging from below the Yellowstone to the far north of present Edmonton, Canada. Sometime in the 1820's he married - according to Indian custom - Sinopah (Kit Fox Woman) daughter of Lone Walker, Chief of the Piegans and Small Robes Band. Together they raised at least seven children in the Indian community and were successful in living through the epidemics of smallpox, scarlet fever, "coughing fever," starvation winters and intertribal warfare that decimated the tribes. The lack of documentation of Hugh's life depended a great deal on the seclusion of the Blackfeet from white intervention until the 1855 "Lame Bull Treaty" which first opened their living area and hunting grounds to white men and the Army.

BIO:Early records of the Blackfeet Nation did not include a census or name list until 1888 when all United States Blackfeet were confined to the designated reservation in Montana, and the Northern Piegans were required to live north of "The Line" (49th parallel) in Canada. Even those early records of the Indian Agency are sketchy and incomplete with no birth and death documentation. The Jesuits kept records for the Missions and schools but most early records of the Jesuits were destroyed in at least two disasters: once when lost in the sinking of a boat, and secondly when the Mission Church at St. Mary's Mission in the Okanogan valley burned. Other records were inadvertantly destroyed with some obsolete notes and papers. While some of his children were eventually listed on the Blackfoot Rolls, Hugh (as a white man) was not enrolled or named on the Indian census.

BIO:Occassional glimpses of Hugh occur in writings of western adventurers and U.S. Government records. He meets Sacajawea, guide to Lewis & Clark, in the late 1820's. He befriends and trades with James Kipp in the 1830's and knew George Catlin, Prince Maxmilian and the artist, Karl Bodmer. Among others his friends among the Mountain Men were Jin Bridger, Kit Carson, Johnson, and Peter Ogden. He guided the Jesuits, Father Lacombe and Father DeSmet, in their travels among the Blackfeet in the 1840's and 1850's.

BIO:At one time or another he is associated with the Hudson's Bay Company, the North West Company, the Missouri Fur Company and the American Fur Company as well as trapping as a "free trapper." He is a friend of Alexander Culbertson, James Dawson, Kenneth Mackenzie and other Factors, as well as a succession of Indian Agents. He was known and respected at Forts Rocky Mountain House, Bow, Union, Lewis, Benton, Belnap, Shaw, MacKenzie, McLeod and Carson. He also eventually made and maintained a friendship with tribesmen of the Blood, Gros Venture, Siksika, Crow, Cree, Sarsi, Kootenai, Pen d'Orille, and Flathead Indians, and shared their hunting and trapping grounds.

BIO:As a Christian and devout Catholic he erected a cross at St. Mary's Lakes with Father Lacombe, and yet is known for his respect of the Blackfoot religion. His children and descendants were known as "some of the more Christian of the mixed-blood families of the Reservation." He acknowledges that he believes in "dreams" that are warnings of events, and carried a "war bonnet" that he was convinced had protected him on several occassions.

BIO:In 1865 he is the "Post Hunter" at Fort Benton, and in 1887 is reported as living in Canada and at Fort McLeod. Late in his life he relates his life experiences to George Bird Grinnell and James Willard Schultz.

BIO:By 1880 the buffalo had virtually disappeared from the Great Plains, and the Blackfeet became dependant on beef rations and U.S. Government supplies. Hugh makes the difficult transition to reservation living, spending time with his children and grandchildren in areas on the Two Medicine River, the Marias and areas included in the present Glacier National Park.

BIO:Hugh always intended to keep his promise to return to Montreal to visit his parents, but somehow it was just never a good time to be gone so far away. He procrastinated from year to year. Then word arrived that his father had died, and his brothers said he should come East to help settle the estate and his inheritance. Once again Hugh just could not leave - now it was because of his wife and new baby. Across the long miles finally came the papers for him to sign to provide directions in administrating the land he had inherited.

BIO:After living with the Pikuni Hugh had his own ideas about the land, who owned it - or even IF it should be owned ! He signed the papers to accommodate his brothers, Horatio Munro and Francois LaRocque, and told them to do as they liked with the land as he had no use for it. After all, he freely roamed over hundreds of square miles, he had no need to "own" a few square feet in Ontario!

BIO:Again Hugh felt guilty about his promise to his now widowed mother. Still he procrastinated - it was the wrong time of year - Fox Woman needed him - there was another new baby to look after - they had to have the income from this season of trapping - he couldn't leave the Fort without an interpreter.... Then, long months after the actual occurance, word arrived at Fort Benton that his mother was already gone - at rest these many months in her d'Esneval tomb. He sighed, and yet was relieved. Now he had no reason to go East, and he need never again have to consider taking that long trip back to Montreal.

BIO:RETIREMENT ON THE BLACKFOOT RESERVATION

BIO:Glimpses of Hugh's life were recorded in the Hudson Bay records. After several years as a free trapper Hugh again enlisted as an "interpreter" at Bow Fort and Rocky Mountain House in 1832-34; his family now consisting of 1 woman, 3 boys and 1 girl. From 1837-1844 he is again engaged at Edmonton House, and later it is reported he was again in Edmonton but left in 1870 and returned to Montana. In 1888 he was at Fort McLeod where he was the subject of letters from Father Lacomb to HBC discussing his "infermity and destitution." Family recods show that Hugh spent most oif his last years in Montana, often living with his grandson, William Jackson. With his advancing rhumatism the last years are quiet ones for Hugh as he spends the long summers in the sun within sight of his beloved mountains, and the winters before the cabin fire. Finally, in 1896, in his 97th year, Hugh is also delivered of his earthly cares and laid to rest in the fields beside the Holy Family Mission Church and overlooking the Two Medicine River, only a short distance from the great "buffalo jump" where he and the Pikuni so often drove the buffalo. Although no stome marks his grave, no visitor to this lonely spot would deny that his spirit lingers on in the soft moaning of the prairie wind.

BIO:The best marker and memorial of his long life among his beloved Piegans in the western wilderness is the tall, red wedge of mountain towering over Two Medicine Lodges Lake and valley bearing the name "Rising Wolf." Nearby to the south lies the mountain named "Sinopahki Istuki" - Kit Fox Woman Mountain - for his faithful Piegan wife.

TBL:[NOTE: In the forward to Warren Hanna's JAMES WILLARD SHULTZ, RECENTLY DISCOVERED TALES OF LIFE AMONG THE INDIANS (Mountain Press Pub, Missoula MT, 1988) Hanna relates that most of Schultz's works were written and published AFTER 1904 (when he fled from Montana to avoid a poaching charge)and eventually relocated in Southern California. Of MY LIFE AS AN INDIAN, Shultz's most popular work, Hanna states: "The title suggests an autobiography, but it was in fact a romatic novel centered upon his wife and their life together." Shultz was nearly 50 when his first book was published in 1907 and did not take up "full-time" writing until about 1912 - long after the death of Rising Wolf and his grandson William Jackson. Research in legal records has proved that dates and other details in Shultz's biographical narratives may be in error, although the general substance of these works is truthfully protrayed. VBM]

BIO: TIME LINE HISTORY OF THE BLACKFOOT INDIAN CONFEDERACY

TBL:1730 First horses seen by Blackfeet, being ridden by Shoshoni warriors.
First guns also seen, used by Crees and Assiniboines. Arrival of first
trade goods such as glass beads and metal arrowheads. 1780 HUDSON BAY COMPANY builds Buckingham House along the Saskatchewan River;
first trading post close to Blackfoot country. 1781 Smallpox epidemic strikes Blackfoot camps for first time; over half the
population dies. The disease was picked up when Blackfoot warriors raided
a very sick Shoshoni camp in the Bow River country. 1784 The NORTH WEST COMPANY of independant fur traders and trappers moves into
Blackfoot country to compete with Hudson Bay Company. Guns, knives, axes
and arrowheads began replacing primitive weapons. Blankets, materials,
pots and awls helped to make Blackfoot tribal household life easier.
Tobacco, beads and paints became first luxury items. 1787 David Thompson, of the Hudson Bay Company, becomes the first trader to
winter with the Blackfoot (Piegans) along the Bow River. All these early
trade encounters took place in Canada. 1794 Economy: 14 Beaver pelts = 1 trade gun
1 Beaver pelt = 20 rounds of shot with powder
30 Beaver pelts = 1 large keg of "Blackfoot Rum," made by
mixing 4 or 5 quarts of pure alcohol with
about 7 gallons of water. 1799 Rocky Mountain House built by North West Company, west of Edmonton,
Alberta, becoming main Blackfoot trading center for some years. 1806 Piegans meet part of Lewis & Clark expedition in their territory, now in
Montana. Fight breaks out and one Piegan is killed, starting bad
relationship between Blackfeet and American white men. 1809 Economy: 1 common horse = 1 gal. "Blackfoot Rum," 2 fathoms of twist
tobacco, 20 balls with powder, 1 awl, 1 scalper, 1
fleshing knife, 1 gun worm, 1 P.C. glass, 1 fire
steel, and 1 flint.
Richest Piegan in that year said to own 300 horses.
Population estimate: Lodges Warriors Persons
Piegan ......... 350 700 2,800
Siksika ........ 200 520 1,600
Kainah ......... 100 200 800 1815 A 17 year old boy from Montreal named Hugh Munro becomes the first "white
Blackfoot" marrying SINOPAH, the daughter of Piegan Chief LONE WALKER, of
the Small Robes Band and learning the life
of her people. He remained with the Blackfeet near Browning, Montana,
until his death in 1896, being survived by many descendants. 1819 "Coughing" epidemic - one third die. 1821 Missouri Fur Company sends American trappers into Blackfoot country for
furs. Piegans resent their intrusion, saying they stole the furs and
traded guns to enemies, besides. A large war party annihilates most of
the trappers in an ambush before the first year is through. 1823 Population estimate: Siksika...500 lodges Blood...300 lodges
Piegans...550 lodges Total...10,800 persons 1831 James Kipp, of the American Fur Company, befriends the Blackfeet and
offers to trade for their furs, rather than sending trappers out after
it. They agree to let him build Fort Piegan on the Missouri River in
their territory. The first few days of trade brought in 6,450 pounds of
beaver, which his company sold for $46,000. The Bloods did not like
this, so they burned the post down after the trading season was finished. 1832 Blood head Chief Bull's-Back-Fat brings the first delegation of his
people to Fort Union in Assiniboin country, where they make peace with
that tribe. George Catlin becomes the first white man to paint Blackfeet,
calling them "perhaps the most powerful tribe of Indians on the
continent." Catlin estimated 500 lodges of Piegans, with the Small Robes
Band as the largest with 250 lodges. 1833 German Prince Maxmilian spends late summer with the Blackfeet. Estimates
Confederacy population at 18,000 to 20,000. The Prince and artist, Karl
Bodmer , witness an immense battle between Piegans and Cree and
Assiniboin warriors, ending peace. Piegans eventually win fight although
with heavy losses. 1835 Blackfeet bring 9,000 Buffalo robes to trade at new Fort McKenzie, 32
days travel by boat, upriver, from Fort Union, at the junction of the
Missouri and Marias River. 1837 Smallpox again strikes the Blackfeet, arriving with infected people and
clothing aboard a steamboat. Two thirds of the Confederacy is said to
have died. Over 10,000 buffalo robes were brought in for trade the next
winter. A frontier journal from that year notes that 40 to 50
independant trappers were being killed in Blackfoot country each year. 1841 Blackfeet brought in 21,000 robes for trade. Some Indian hunters became
eager for trade goods start killing buffalo for hides. Professional
white hunters kill even greater numbers of buffalo, mainly for tongues and
hides. Father DeSmet baptized first Blackfeet to Christianity. 1844 Good relations between Blackfeet and traders break off after troubles lead
one trader to fire a cannon into an innocent group of Piegans, killing 10
and wounding others. 1845 Another smallpox epidemic strikes the Blackfeet. 1846 Fifty families of Small Robes band of Piegans wiped out by Crow attack,
ending this group's often independant journeys, sometimes in company of
the Flathead tribe. Blackfeet bring another 21,000 buffalo robes to trade
to the new Fort Lewis, near the later Fort Benton. Head trader is
Alexander Culbertson who is married to Medicine Snake Woman, daughter of
Blood head chief. 1847 Culbertson moves Fort Lewis 3 miles down and across the Missouri River,
renaming it Fort Benton. This becomes the most important trading center
in Montana. Supplies travel 2,415 miles upriver by steamboat from St.
Louis. Economy: 1 Buffalo robe = 25 loads ammunition, a gallon kettle,
three knives, or 1 1/2 yds. of calico.
3 Buffalo robes = 2 1/2 point wool blanket
10 Buffalo robes = 1 trade gun (cost $4. back East) 1853 Observers wrote that the "quantity of buffalo is almost unbelievable,"
and that "the entire country of the Blackfeet perhaps the best Buffalo
Country in the N.W." Gov. I.I. Stevens meets head men of the Blackfoot
Confederacy on behalf of the U.S. Government and proposes a great peace
council to end war between the tribes, and to guarantee peace between the
Blackfeet and the whites. Chiefs agree to council.
Population estimates: Lodges Persons Warriors
Blood.............. 270 2,430 810
Siksika ........... 290 2,600 870
South Piegan ...... 200 1,800 600
North Piegan ...... 90 800 270 1855 "Lame Bull Treaty" signed by 26 principle chiefs of the Blackfoot
Confederacy defines tribal territories and proclaims peace between the
tribes and the U.S. Government. "Major" Edwin Hatch becomes first
Blackfoot Indian agent, with an office at Fort Benton. 1856 Major Hatch writes first annual report; reports he gave out treaty
annuities to about 8,000 Indians. 1857 "Major" Vaughn becomes second Blackfoot agent - the only one for many
years with good relationship with people. 1858 Agent Vaughn recommends government prohibition of trade in Buffalo robes
to prevent senseless slaughter of the animals. The suggestion is ignored
by everyone. 1859 Jesuits build first mission in American Blackfoot country, St. Peter's,
near Choteau, Montana. Indians show some interest in these unuaual
spiritual ways, but are still 100 percent devoted to their own faith.
Missionaries plan to wipe out old Indian ways, while Indians only want
Christian prayers as added blessings to what they already have. Father
Lacombe is first missionary among Canadian Blackfeet, having arrived in
1855. Agent Vaughn supervises first Blackfoot "farm," with limited
success. 1861 Long-time alliance between Blackfeet and Gros Ventures ends when an enemy
group steals horses from Gros Ventures and leaves some at Piegan camp,
leading Gros Ventures to believe the Piegans stole them. 1862 Montana Gold Rush brings illegal miners to foothills of Rockies, well
within hunting grounds reserved for Blackfeet by 1855 Treaty. Small,
bloody encounters become frequent. 1863 Blackfeet see neither Agent nor annuities promised by 1855 Treaty. New
Agent arrives at very end of year, describes Blackfeet as "degraded
savages." Things get worse and liquor flows more freely. 1864 Scarlet Fever kills an estimated 1,000 Blackfeet. 1865 U.S. Government persuades a small group of leaders from Blackfoot
Confederacy to sign a later unratified Treaty reducing official Blackfoot
country by well over 2,000 square miles, in return for about one million
dollars. Blackfeet and whites murder each other, even within Fort Benton.
Governor of Montana fears war is imminent and helps plan military action
against the Blackfeet, who avoid conflict by moving North into Canada. 1866 American whiskey traders driven out of Montana into lawlwss Alberta area,
where they build Fort Stand Off and other liquor posts, increasing
problems. North Piegan war party burns down Blackfoot agency farm on Sun
River. Nearby Jesuit mission is abandoned. Head Chief Little Dog, and
son, murdered by drunken Piegans near Fort Benton for being too friendly
with whites. Economy: 1 buffalo robe = 2 tin cups whiskey
1 fast horse = 4 gallons of whiskey 1867 Fort Shaw on Sun River becomes first U.S. Army post in Blackfoot country,
near new Blackfoot agency. 1869 Smallpox epidemic kills 2,000 Blackfeet. Popular Montana rancher Matcolm
Clarke is killed by relatives of his Blackfoot wife, leading to cries for
revenge. 1870 Major Baker leads large cavalry force from Fort Shaw to arrest killers of
Clarke. In the depths of winter they attack the wrong Piegan camp and
kill 173 people, mostly women and children. This only armed conflict
between Blackfeet and U.S. troops becomes known as the "Baker Massacre."
The last large intertribal battle takes place near Lethbridge, Alberta,
when Cree and Assiniboin forces attack a Blood camp on the Belly River,
not realizing that angry and well-armed Piegan "reugees" from the Montana
troubles are camped nearby. Attackers lose between 200 and 300 men. 1871 U.S. Congress declares end of treaty-making with Indian tribes and
nations. Ranchers begin raising cattle along the Sun River, claiming the
Blackfeet have too much land. 1873 U.S. Government arbitrarily moves southern boundary of Blackfoot country
north by 200 miles, thowing open a huge piece of territory for
settlement. Blackfeet are neither consulted nor paid. 1874 Mounted Police detachment brings law and order to Canadian Blackfoot
country and builds Fort Macleod. Northern buffalo herd estimated at four
million head, roaming Blackfoot country and centering around Sweet Grass
Hills. 1876 New Blackfoot agency built on Badger Creek, within new reduced
reservation in Montana. Blackfeet reject tobacco sent by Souix, asking
them to join in battle against whites, after Custer's defeat. I.G.Baker of
Fort Benton ships 75,000 buffalo robes to the East. Ranchers and settlers
begin to arrive in Canadian Blackfoot territory. 1877 Treaty Seven is signed at Blackfoot Crossing in Canada. Siksika, Bloods
and North Piegans separate from South Piegans and the U.S.Government,
although members from all divisions continue to go back and forth across
the border for some years, to collect treaty goods and payments. 1879 Buffalo virtually disappear from Canadian prairies, forcing government to
issue beef rations to Canadian Blackfeet for first time. South Piegans
make last great buffalo hunt in Judith Basin country of Montana. 1881 Mange epidemic said to have killed about half of Piegan horses, making
younger warriors eager to raid enemy camps, in spite of peace treaties
signed by older chiefs. Winter buffalo hunt in Montana not very
successful. 1882 Large buffalo herd discovered on reservation, south of Sweet Grass Hills.
Blackfeet make final tribal hunt. Each year more Indians depend on
government agency for food as buffalo disappear. 1883 Only a few buffalo killed. About 3,000 Indians living by agency when
rations start to run out in late winter. Government red tape holds up
additional food; people start starving. Agency gardens a complete failure 1884 Last wild buffalo killed by Blackfeet; four lone animals near Sweet Grass
Hills. "Starvation Winter" kills several hundred South Piegans
(one-fourth to one-sixth of tribe) before sufficient rations arrive. About
2,000 surviving South Piegans settle within 15 miles of their agency. 1889 Last Blackfoot war party to take enemy scalps - combined group of Bloods
and Piegans. So-called "old days" are now over.

Ref: Clan Munro files - Munro, Henry Dallas - GEDCOM file HMUNRO.GED dated 9

Hugh married Sinopah Kit Fox Woman about 1820 in Northwest Terr. Sinopah was born in 1796-1798 in Dakota Territory; died about 1880 in , , , Canada. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

BIO:"SINOPAH" KIT FOX WOMAN - WIFE OF HUGH, THE WHITE BLACKFOOT

BIO:George Bird Grinnell in one of his books about the Indians - PAWNEE, BLACKFOOT AND CHEYENNE (Scribner's, NY, 1913) documents Indian accounts of the coming of the white men and the acquisition of horses by the Blackfeet.

TBL:"..I presume that their first horses may have come into the hands of the Blackfeet in about 1804-6 or in the very earliest years of the present century (1800). This would agree fairly well with the statement of Mr. Hugh Munroe, who says that in 1813, when he first came among this people, they has possessed horses for a short time only, and had recently begun to make war excursions to the south on a large scale for the purpose of securing more horses from their enemies. Hugh Munroe's wife, who was born about 1796-98, used to say when she was a small girl the Piegans had no horses, dogs being their only beasts of burden.."

BIO:Sinopah, the daughter of Pikuni Chief Lone Walker by one of his nine wives, was only about seventeen years old when Hugh began his travels with the Small Robes band. As a constant companion of her brother, Red Crow, Hugh would be in intimate contact with Sinopah for several years before their marriage by "Indian Custom" in about 1820. Although women may have married young, it was the custom among the Pikuni in these early years that the young men had to achieve a certain maturity in life experience as well as age before they married. At twenty-one years of age, Hugh was marrying at an early age - perhaps allowances were made for his unique status in Lone Walker's family. In a culture where most young women were the victims of "arranged marriages," one wonders if perhaps this marriage was an exception? Perhaps Hugh was repeating the action of his father in becoming enamored of a young woman he could not forget ! The union of Rising Wolf and Sinopah seemed to be one of genuine love and affection and lasted well over fifty years. Together they raised a happy, close-knit family - surely a reflection of their own love for each other.

BIO:In the sketchy records that survive among the Blackfoot accounts, seven children are documented for Sinopah and Hugh. It is most likely that there were also other children born besides those documented as there are long periods between some of the birth dates. Many infants and children were lost among the Blackfoot families during the years of harsh winters and disease epidemics.

BIO:Sinopah and Hugh spent many years of their life trapping above the 49th Parallel in Canada, although Hugh also later anchored his life around Fort Benton, the American Fur Company post on the Missouri River, in the present state of Montana. After the Civil War, when the area became over-run with traders, soldiers, miners and other "riff-raff" of impending civilization, Rising Wolf and Sinopah left Fort Benton to go north to the "Saskatchewan Country" to trap for beaver in the spring of 1873. (See William Jackson account) Their grandson stated that he never saw his grandmother again - she died before Hugh returned to the Blackfoot reservation in the late 1880's. No record has been found of her death.

BIO:BLACKFOOT INDIAN CULTURE

BIO:The Blackfoot were a confederacy of three tribes with an Alongquian background also known as the Siksika: the Blackfoot proper, the Blood or "Kainah" and the Piegan, or Pikuni, meaning "Small Robes," located along the foothills of the Rocky Mountains, south of the Marias River.

BIO:Each of the three tribes was divided into autonomous bands, with the Piegan having at least 23. In the winter the bands lived separately, usually in sheltered river valleys. In summer the bands would gather by tribe to hunt buffalo and celebrate the Sun Dance. Each band was led by a head man; the head men together formed the tribal council, and selected the tribal chief. The Blackfoot were famous horsemen, hunters and warriors who were greatly feared by their enemies.

BIO:The Blackfoot religion was very rich in both group ceremony and personal expression. Medicine bundles, consisting of a collections of sacred objects, were owned by individuals as well as bands and societies. Group ceremonies, such as the annual Sun Dance, were occasions for personal sacrifice and offerings.

BIO:The buffalo skin tipi was the usual house style of the Blackfoot as well as other nomadic Plains Indians. The women constructed and put up the tipi. Other duties of the women included dressing hides, making clothing, gathering, cooking, storing food, carrying food and water, and all work connected with packing and moving camp. Women owned the tipis, travois, household implements and the horses they rode.

BIO:The Blackfoot were primarily buffalo hunters, but supplemented their diet by gathering wild foods such as turnips, potatoes, onions, cherries, plumbs and berries. Meat and plant foods were usually dried and stored. Pemmican was made of dried, pounded meat mixed with dried berries or chokecherries and stored in skin bags. They also hunted or trapped deer, elk or antelope, but buffalo was the preferred game, providing them also with food, shelter, clothing, tools and utensils.

BIO:Decorative art included quill work and beadwork, usually applied to clothing. Women wore a long one-piece skin dress belted at the waist. Men wore skin shirts, leggings and moccasins.

Ref: Clan Munro files - Munro, Henry Dallas - GEDCOM file HMUNRO.GED dated 9
Oct 1996

The following account is extracted from "Montana Its Story and Biography" Vol. III; Tom Stout, editor; copyright 1921; p. 1438. Since this narrative says Sinopah was 92 years old, it must have been written about 1880-1890.

The romance in the life of the aged lady, known to her tribe as the Fox woman, but to her white neighbors as Mrs. Mary Monroe, reads like a novel, but it is true, and the fact that she and her husband lived very happily together after consummating their love affair, is also authentic.

Coming to the tribe of Blackfoot Indians a youth of eighteen years as a representative of the great Hudson Bay Company, Hugh Monroe, a Frenchman, was hampered in his dealings on account of his fear of them which grew out of his not understanding them or their methods of doing business.

While trying to negotiate with them for the purchase of their furs, he happened to see the daughter of the chief, known to her people as the Fox woman, and a love which never died was kindled in his breast, but he was not permitted to speak with her, nor could he tell if he had made a favorable impression upon her, for the little Indian maiden modestly dropped her eyes and ran away.

Rendered almost desperate through learning of the presence of another suitor who was a member of her tribe, Hugh Monroe sought some other means to recommend him to her father and in vain, until one day he saw the chief trying to light his pipe. Holding out his hand he motioned to the chief to let him have it, and the surrounding Indians thought that had sealed his fate, as the pipe was not for the hands of strangers.

Probably, however, the chief knew more of this young man's character than he had hitherto admitted, for to the surprise of all, he gave it to young Monroe and stolidly watched him. This was long before the days of matches, and travelers like young Monroe carried what was called a sun glass with them. By directing the sun's rays on the glass he was able to light the pipe, and after taking a puff of it to see that it was properly lighted, he handed it back to the chief. The latter uttered a cry which made the young man feel that his last hour had come, but which was merely a summons for his warriors with whom he held a conference, all of them smoking the pipe young Monroe had lighted.

As a result of this conference he was made a member of the tribe and the husband of the Indian princess. They were married according to Indian custom, the man raising his right hand in the presence of the chief and promising to remain with and care for the woman the rest of her life. He was furnished with a wigwam, richly supplied with furs, and the chief taking him to his band of horses told him to take what he wanted of them.

The confidence displayed in him was never regretted. He took his wife's name of Fox among the Indians as was their custom, and lived with the tribe the remainder of his life, learning their language and wearing their dress. He and his wife had ten children.

She survives him and is now ninety-two years old. Mrs. Monroe is cared for by her niece, Mrs. Maggie Fox, a daughter of Edward and Maggie (Monroe) Houseman. Mrs. Maggie Fox has two daughters and one son, namely: Edith D., Olive C., and Cecil. These children have been well educated and attended both the Government and public schools of Montana. The daughters have magnificent heads of hair reaching to their knees.

Mrs. Fox's mother was a very handsome French half-breed, who was also noted for the luxuriance of her hair. When sitting in a chair she could throw her hair over the back of the chair and it would reach to the floor in great waves.

Leonard Fox, husband of Mrs. Maggie Fox, was a veteran of the war between the North and South.

The Fox residence is at Glacier Park, where the family is engaged in ranching. Their neighborly kindness has made them a large circle of friends.

Notes:

Ref: Clan Munro files - Stroud, Anna Margaret

Hugh was the oldest son of John and Maria, but their third child as he was preceeded by two sisters. He was born in Albany City, New York, where his father was a merchant. He would have been nearly five years old when they moved to their new home in the Albany County wilderness - later to become part of the state of Vermont. These would have been busy times for his parents as his father continued to build his new estate and oversee the clearing and planting of the fields, the workings of the new mills, and the settlement of numerous small tenant farmers.

According to the old Scottish practice, as the oldest son, Hugh would be expected to eventually manage and inherit the main property at the Fowlis estate upon his father's death, and he would be educated and trained for that occupation.

Hugh had a very busy childhood. He was probably schooled at home or with a tutor until there was an appropriate school available. He would ride out with his father to visit the tenant farmers, and oversee the workings at the mills, potash works and forges. In addition he would be a silent witness to the many casual meetings and conferences where John helped his many friends and neighbors with their problems.

Hugh witnessed the distress of his father's tenants and settlers who were accosted and attacked by Ethan Allen and his "Green Mountain Boys," who thought they had a prior right to the land through their adjoining New Hampshire grants. Allen was determined to drive John Munro, "The Yorker," from his lands, or discredit him to break his influence with the settlers. The conflict escalated, and Hugh was home when the Allen cohorts burst into the manorhouse at Fowlis and bullied his mother and frightened his brothers and sisters before his father finally managed to eject them from the house, and then drive them from the yard where they had tried to set fire to the porch and house. He also helped to carry water in the vain attempt to control the fire at the potash works also set by the same unruly mob.

By 1775 Hugh was 11 years old, and wise beyond his years with the knowledge that political conflict was spreading through the land like wildfire. As expected, he and his mother bore the responsibility for the estate on the ever more frequent occasions when his father was absent on some mysterious errand about the countryside, or to Albany, Schenectady, or even Boston or New York. He was firmly bound with his father in his unswerving loyalty to King George, and heard many heated discussions about local "loyalists" and "rebels." He overheard enough to know that his father was secretly encouraging veterans of the old regiments to sign up for service in Captain John's new loyalist company in the Scottish Royal Highland Emigrant Regiment newly formed by British General Alan McLean.

Then, the summer before Hugh had his 12th birthday, the whole secure world at Fowlis suddenly was blown apart for the Munros. John was arrested and taken to Albany to appear before the rebel Committee of Safety to ascertain his political leanings and to prove he was not spying for the Crown. He testified and was parolled, then arrested and required to appear again. During his absence light-fingered cohorts of the Allen gang and fellow patriots visited Mary to bully and frighten her and the tenants, and also to liberate usable items from the Munro estate.

The family's worst fears are confirmed when they recieve word that John had been thrown into the Albany prison as a Loyalist Tory and traitor to the American cause. Eventually John's name appeared on the list of landowners whose estates were to be confiscated for activity against the new independant American Colonies, and a committee arrived to strip the estate of all remaining supplies, stock, horses, and even to ransack the house for any useful plunder that may have been overlooked on previous occasions. At first a fairly sympathetic rebel allowed Mary to retain one riding horse and saddle for their use, but he later reconsidered this generosity and sent it away with the others. After he heard her plea in the name of her seven children, he allowed her to keep one milk cow - but only as a loan until it may also be called for. Hugh struggled to help Mary find enough for the family to eat from day to day.

John was identified as being too influencial to be risked, so he was sentenced to be hung. He was put in irons and is sent to a prison ship on the Hudson River near Esopus. Mary was desperate when she heard he was not at Albany. She was told that he was hung. John was told that his wife and family were all murdered.

After 18 months in prison, John escaped with a group of prisoners and found his way to the British lines near Fort Ticonderoga where he joined "Gentleman Johnny" Burgoyne. Old friends told him his family was alive and he sent word to Mary to find a way to join him in Canada. Mary's reply pleads for him to help her get away from their home where she is constantly harrassed by American rebels.

Hugh helped Mary and the girls make packs to carry the extra clothing and the few remaining valuable items that they had sucessfully hidden from the looters, and they started off on the long walk to Schenectady to seek help from family or friends. His youngest brother, John Jr. is hardly four years old and Hugh assumed the responsibility of carrying him or encouraging him along. Hugh also scouted the roadway, looked for food, found the evening stopping place, looked after Cornelius and Harry, and worried about their safety - a long list of responsibilities for a 12 year old boy. The older girls, Christine and Cornelia, were fully occupied in helping their mother with the bundles and in taking turns carrying baby Charlotte, a toddler not yet two years old.

How discouraged and angry Hugh must have been when they finally reached Schenectady and the Brouwer relatives refused to help them. Selling a piece of silver to a merchant at least gave them good Dutch food to fill their stomachs for a short while. They were finally rescued and hidden away by old merchant friends of John for a few months of rest, but all of them were aware of the rebel hatred of "Tory traitors" and were determined to find some way to get to Canada. The last few pieces of hidden silver plate and all of the salvaged best dresses and finery of Mary and the girls were sold to help provide the needed bribes to get a pass and make the journey to Canada possible. Ten years later Capt. John, ever the honorable Scot, listed as debts the expenses owed to John Glen of Schenectady and Richard Duncan of Albany for the feeding and care of his family and expenses for their escape to Canada.

Outfitted in their sturdiest shoes and warmest clothing Hugh finally headed the group of women and straggling children on the trail north from Albany to Fort Ticonderoga, a trail fought over by both Loyalist and Rebel troops in the two years previous, and also frequented by Indians of unknown sympathies. It was early Autumn with warm days for walking, but nights that could be bone chilling in the open without adequate shelter or blankets. They ate sparingly of the food they carryied for they knew it might be hard to find sympathetic farmers along the road. The early days on the trail are again a trial for Mary in her poor health.

When they had traveled beyond the area where Hugh had visited farmers and friends with his father, it became a daily trial to attempt to identify the political sympathies of settlers along the way so they would know if it would be safe to ask for food or shelter because they were constantly at risk of being reported to the local Militia. Hugh was especially at risk because he was nearly 14 years old and it was common practice for the Americans to conscript into the rebel army, the male children of Tories over 12 years old.

The sore-footed, bedraggled family finally passed the front lines of the Americans and arrived at the forested shore of Lake George only to find no escort waiting to take them across the bay and up the river to Canada. There were no boats available of any kind, and they were in a no man's land frequented by hostile Indians. For six long days, shivering with cold and with little to eat, they lay hidden in the dense undergrowth, so near, and yet so far, from sanctuary in Canada. To their immense relief, late on the seventh day they were joined by another party of escaping Tory women and children, and found an escort who was able to provide transportation for all of them. Even then they did not escape without one last fright, for as they were taken by canoe across Lake George to the British boats they were discovered and closely pursued by a canoe manned by a war party of Indians.

One can only imagine their joy when they at last reached Fort St. John and were met on the landing by John. It must have been with immense relief that Hugh lay down his burden of responsibility for his mother and siblings. And when the story of their trials was related in detail, Hugh must have felt great reward in the praise and approval from his father. Indeed, it was probably at that moment that John acceded to Hugh's request to join the army, finding him matured way beyond his tender years from the past three year ordeal. Hugh signed the enlistment roll of the First Battalion of the King's Royal Regiment of New York on 10 Oct 1778, just five days short of his 14th birthday.

Hugh would have been warmly welcomed into his father's First Battalion Company of the King's Royal Regiment of New York as it was made up almost entirely of the old Scottish friends, neighbors, and tenants of the Munros - many of them disbanded veterans of the Seven Years War. They would welcome this eldest son of their Captain, and would be kind in teaching him the necessary Army drills and Manual of Arms, as well as the unpublished "Manual of Skills" so necessary for rank and file survival.

Complete records were not preserved of the enlisted men in the King's Royal Regiment, but some muster and provision rolls were saved that list Hugh in Captain John Munro's Company. His early duties would probably have been at Fort St. John on the Richelieu River. With the onset of winter in 1778, Captain John was ordered to Montreal to find and supervise housing for some of the New York Loyalists. He moved Mary and his children there for their protection and care.

In Oct 1780 Captain John was detailed to take fifty men and a party of Indians and Rangers down to Albany where he was to join Colonel Sir John Johnson who was raiding through the Mohawk Valley. Together they were to sweep north through the settlements burning and destroying the field crops and forage of the rebels, encourage able bodied Loyalists to join up, and, hopefully, capture a few important officers and rebels for the exchange of imprisoned Loyalists. It is likely that Hugh was among the soldiers on this excursion, traveling over the same route on which he had shepherded the family two years before.

Hugh must have fared well with the men of Captain Munro's Company as he rose to the rank of Ensign on 13 Nov 1781, and, at the age of 19, he was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant on 24 Oct 1783. Along with the rest of the officers of the First Battalion he was reduced to half pay at the end of 1784 and subject to recall if the Army had need of him.

By 1785 Hugh wass residing at L'Assumption, an old french village on the horse-shoe bend of the L'Assumption River. It was long known as "la Portage" by both the French and the Coureurs de Bois of the Fur Trade, as canoes were beached at the north side of the river bend, carried down the main street, Rue Portage, and launched again on the south side, thus avoiding the intervening falls. L'Assumption became an important hub for fur trading and commerce for the area east of Montreal. Hugh's mother, Mary, and the rest of the family had been settled here before his father sailed to England to hopefully gain reparation for the lands and fortune he lost to the American rebels in New York and Vermont. Once again, as the oldest son, Hugh feelt the responsibility for the family.

As a commissioned officer and the son of Captain John Munro, Hugh was a desirable single guest to grace the dinner tables and evening socials of the well placed families in village. Under British rule it was a political necessity for the French to make friends and trade connections with influencial English Loyalists. The business and social elite at L'Assumption included the Leroux d'Esneval and LaRocque families, now united by the marriage of Angelique to Francois Antoine LaRocque. LaRocque soon found Hugh a most desireable employee, and an amiable dinner companion and guest. The Larocque Company was building a prosperous trade in lumber and wheat, and Hugh, as its English representative, was a great asset when dealing with the British merchants in Montreal. By the time his father returned to L'Assumption in 1787 and prepared to move his growing family to promised land grants on the upper reaches of the St. Lawrence River, Hugh was firmly established with the LaRocque firm.

Hugh had been educated and trained to manage the family estates and a tremenous task awaited the Munros in Upper Canada where they would be starting over in unsettled lands. Already disappointed in his claims to the British government, John could not have been happy when Hugh announced that he was staying at L'Assumption with the LaRocque firm. Indeed, he must have felt it a real betrayal of his duty to him, his father, and to the family. John was nearly 60 years old, had limited funds, and needed the help of his sons in this new endeavor. More than that, he had counted on Hugh to set the pace for his brother, Cornelius was 20 but not overly ambitious, Harry was totally immersed in his books and studies to be a doctor, and John Jr., at 14, was just too easy going and indecisive to train for any leadership.

It is not hard to imagine the argument that must have raged between this war-weary, army-hardened, tough old Scot and his equally stubborn, independant eldest son. At 23, Hugh was two years past his legal majority. Was he to be expected to give up the job he valued, the friends who respected him as an individual, and the life he had built for himself, to return to living in a virtual wilderness, clearing land and grubbing in the dirt to plant a crop ? He acknowledged his duty to the family, but, in return, had he not paid full measure ? What of the lost years of his youth spent carrying the burden of an abandoned family in New York ? This was a new country. He had given it nearly seven years of military service - did he not then deserve, at last, to make a decision to lead his own life as he saw fit ? How could his father criticize his work as a merchant when he, himself, had built his fortune in America beginning as a merchant in Albany ? Perhaps his father was too old to see the opportunities and genteel life he enjoyed in Montreal and L'Assumption. He was now fluent in French and he enjoyed their life style. He had no need to live in an all English community.

In the end, John and the family left for the new lands in Upper Canada, and Hugh continued his life in L'Assumption. An uneasy, unsettled silence continued between father and son.

As the LaRocque business grew and prospered, Francois felt the need to widen his influence, and was soon involved in the political scene, leaving more of the merchant duties to Hugh. At last, in 1792, he was elected to represent the L'Assumption district at the first Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada. Alas, before he was able to attend even one session he fell ill and died on 2 Nov 1792 at the age of forty-one. He left his young widow with two young sons age six and eight, and a thriving business managed by Hugh.

With Francois only a short six months in his grave, the widow LaRocque and Hugh journeyed down the L'Assumption River to Montreal to plight their troth before the Reverend Delisle in the Anglican Church on 4 May 1793. On 12 Oct of the same year Angelique gave birth to their first child, a daughter who died just after her birth. She was buried in the family plot beside the four little LaRocque infants.

At the age of 28 Hugh took over the LaRocque business and ran it successfully for twenty years before selling it to Angelique's brother, Laurent Laroux. Called back for army duty at erratic intervals, Hugh served during the war with the United States in 1812 as a Captain. Having sold the business, he moved his family to the village of Saint-Esprit, northwest of L'Assumption, where, as a retired officer living on half pay, he became the local Magistrate and Justice of the Peace.

Except for the death of their daughter Lucie at the age of 13, these were tranquil years for Hugh and Angelique. Their five surviving children found their places in the world. Hugh, Jr. left on his great adventure to the Far West. Horatio was married and established as a farmer. The daughters, Marie Angelique and Charlotte, were married and gone. Only the youngest child, Emilie, lives at home with her parents.

Hugh became almost totally immersed in the French community and culture. He maintained a close relationship with his older sister Christine, and his brother Doctor Henry, who both married French spouses and lived in Montreal with growing families. They served as god-parents for each other's children, and attended the many festive family Catholic christening and marriage ceremonies. He maintained a more distant relationship with his youngest sister Charlotte and her famous French husband, Chartier Alain de Lotbiniere, who dropped his French title as Marquis in deference to the new British ownership of Canada.

Sharing as they did a pride as prickly as a Scottish thistle, it is doubtful that Hugh and his father comletely resolved their long-standing dispute before John's death in Oct 1800. Hugh had already divorced himself from the Upper Canada location by selling his Crown land grants there to his brother, Henry. John, however, could not carry his anger beyond the grave, and willed a share of land to Hugh's son equal in size to that willed to each of his other grandchildren. He also directed Hugh, as the eldest son, to be given his valued minature portrait. Finally humbling himself in a letter enclosed with his will, he stated his children were "all equally loved by their poor old father," and begged them all to be "friendly and kind with one another."

Hugh had gone to Upper Canada to bury his father in 1800, and returned to bury his mother in 1815. His brother Cornelius was prematurely taken in death in 1806, his sister Cornelia widowed in 1809 with the death of the seemingly indestructable fur trapper Allen Patterson. Dr. Philip Mount left the eldest sister, Christine, a bereaved widow in 1816, and out in far Bas-Caraquet, New Brunswick, even the baby of the family, William Johnson, was not spared by the grim reaper from an untimely death in 1820. Also Charlotte was to find that neither wealth nor advantages could buy health and longer life for the great de Lotbiniere, who died in 1822. By 1825 only Hugh, Henry, and John Jr. were left of the five brothers, and the three sisters were all widows.

Now it was Hugh's turn to mentally review the many adventures of his sixty one years as he lay seriously ill with an "inflamation of the breast." He must have derived the most comfort from his bride of thirty-two years as they had comforted each other during tragic periods in their life together, the deaths of parents and other family members, but most of all the early deaths of five of their own ten children. Although attended by local physicians his condition only continued to worsen, and he sliped away from the family gathered about his bed on 22 Sep 1825. Having converted to the Roman Catholic faith, he was attended by Father Arsenault and was buried in the Catholic cemetery at St. Ours du St. Esprit. Signing his death notice in the parish register were his brother, Dr. Henry Munro; his brother-in-law, Laurent Laroux; and his step-son, Francois Antoine LaRocque, Jr.

Because there were two or three other Hugh Munros listed in Captain John Munro's Company, there has been some errors made in other references. This Hugh is not the same person as Hugh Munro [4778], born 1744 in Scotland, Enlisted in the British army 19 Jun 1776, served in Watt's Company 1776-1777, in McDonnell's Company 1781, in Munro's company 1781-1783, married Catherine Campbell and had two sons and two daughters in 1784.

Compiled and edited by Allen Alger, Genealogist, Clan Munro Association, USA

Buried:
Hugh was buried at Saint-Ours-du-Saint-Esprit Catholic Church in Saint-Esprit, Quebec, Canada.

Hugh married Angelique Leroux on 4 May 1793 in L'assumption, Quebec, Canada, Canada. Angelique was born on 6 Nov 1865 in Montreal/L'assum, Quebec; died on 22 Nov 1837 in Montreal, , Québec, Canada; was buried on 24 Nov 1837 in Notre Dame Cathedral, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

TBL:Listings for Angelique appear under various spelling errors in public records. Angelique Laroque (Larocque)is listed as "Mrs., Widow" in the Anglican Church Records of 4 May 1793 for this Marriage. ("Marriages 1766-1850 Christ Church Cathedral, Montreal, QC, Canada", Pub Quebec Family History Society, Quebec, Canada, 1991) She is listed as Angelique Leroux (m. Laroque) daughter of Francis-Marie Leroux and Veronique Trotier (2nd m. 1747) in notes from Henry de L. Harwood. She is listed in the Loiselle Marriage Index (under marriage of her daughter Emilie to Francis-X Olivier Boucher) as Angelique le Rouix D'noval - this should be Angelique Leroux d'Esneval: see notes under baptisms of her Larocque children formother members of her family with this name.

Translation from the French - Canadian Genealogy Journal:
"...Dr. Joseph LeDuc (1793-1829) graduated medicine in 18--, practiced at St. Roch L'Achigan, Montreal and finally at St. Polycarp where he died. He had married well, in 1819 in Montreal, Charlotte Munro (1798-1830), NEICE OF HER NAMESAKE, THE SEIGNEURESSE OF VAUDREUIL,... DAUGHTER OF HUGH MUNRO OF ST ESPRIT DE MONTCALM, MERCHANT, AND OF ANGELIQUE LEROUX (THEY MARRIED MONTREAL 1793). SHE HAD PREVIOUSLY MARRIED FRANCOIS ANTOINE LA ROCQUE (1753-92) WHO WAS ELECTED DEPUTY FOR L'ASSUMPTION IN 1792 BUT DIES PRIOR TO TAKING HIS SEAT."

The Anglican Church as Christ Church Cathedral has had a distinguished role

in the history of Montreal and the province of Quebec since the first Anglican Church under this name opened its doors on 20 December, 1789. Prior to the establishment of Christ Church, Anglican services had been conducted since 1760 in various Catholic chapels in Montreal.
Rev. Delisle, first Anglican Minister, served in this capacity for thirty years beginning in 1766. Before the establishment of permanent congregations and buildings he "rode circuit" in the surrounding areas, visiting Chambly and other areas as much as twice every year. Many of the earlier records recorded in this volume are journal entries of Marriages performed outside the Montreal area. There is no notation of the actual location of this ceremony. It could have been placed in the L'Assumtion area north of Montreal on the St. Lawrence River as both Hugh and Angelique lived in that area and the Baptisms and buriels of their children are recorded in the L'Assumption Parish Registers for the Catholic Church. ("La Paroise di L'Assumption Repertoire des Baptisms 1724-1800", Publication #17 (1981) La Centre de Genealogie S.C., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada and "L'Assumption Repertoire des Sepultures 1724-1800" Vol 1, Publication #18 (1981) Hugh's father, Capt. John Munro had found housing for his family at L'Assumption after his regiment was disbanded (awaiting peace signing) where he was surrounded by old friends and compatriots, including Allen Paterson (his son-in-law) Simon McTavish, McGill and many others. He had enrolled his sons in school with Rev. Stuart in Montreal. However, when Mary wrote to John in 1785 (when he was in England petitioning for compensation for Loyalist Claims) she addresses her letter from "L'ASSUMPTION". At that time she talks of sons William, John and Cornelius being home with her also. (See Letters from Munro Box at McCord Museum/McGill University.)

BIO:ANGELIQUE LEROUX d'ESNEVAL

BIO: Angelique Leroux's genealogy is perhaps best outlined by her great-great-great-great grandson, Ron Graham: Ron Graham, descendant of Hugh Munro and Angelique Leroux d'Esneval through their daughter Charlotte, is the author of THE FRENCH QUARTER (Pub. 1992, Macfarlane, Walter & Ross, Toronto, CAN) a political commentary on French-English relationships in Canada containing genealogical outlines. He comments on Angelique and her family: (P 125-6)

TBL:"Angelique was a Leroux d'Esneval - and therefore, goes the family gossip, a direct descendant of the twelfth-century French king Louis the Fat. Her father had come to New France in the 1740's as a soldier, before he too became a successful merchant in L'Assumption and died in 1792, but her mother's line went all the way back to Beaufort in the 1640's. Her brother, Laurent Leroux, was a famous fur trader for the Northwest Company, the first white man to explore Great Slave Lake, the father of four girls by an Ojibwa "wife" in the North, a Justice of the Peace, captain of the militia, member of the assembly, autodictact, and yet another L'Assumption merchant who made a fortune in grain, hardware, potash, and real estate.
"Angelique moved through the most sophisticated circles of commerce and politics, made up of practical French Canadiens who were ready (even anxious) to deal and connect with their new rulers [the British]. ... Her first husband was less than a year in his grave when she and Hugh were married on May 4, 1793, in Montreal's Anglican Christ Church." ______________________________________________________________________________

BIO:FIRST MARRIAGE - FRANCOIS-ANTOINE LAROCQUE

BIO: Angelique was probably born in either Montreal or L'Assumption where she spent the most of her life. Her birthdate is based on her death record. She was married to Francois Antoine LaRocque by 1781 at the age of sixteen. During the eleven years of their marriage she bore him six children, of whom only two survived infancy. Their marriage ended with Francois' death in 1792.

BIO:SECOND MARRIAGE - LT. HUGH MUNRO

BIO:After a brief mourning period she married, in the Anglican Church in Montreal in 1793, a Scottish Presbyterian British Army officer on half pay, Lt. Hugh Munro. Between 1793 and 1809 she bore ten more children, again burying four infants at L'Assumption beside her four LaRocque children, plus a thirteen year old daughter at the St. Our du St. Esprit churchyard. Her thirty-two year marriage to Hugh ended with his death in the fall of 1825.

BIO:Since Hugh was living as a "retired officer on half pay", Angelique would have no income after Hugh's death. With the help of her son, F.A. LaRocque Jr., she applied for a "Deceased Officer's Widow Pension" to provide for her needs. Soon after Hugh's death she moved to Montreal where both LaRocque and her son, Horatio Munro, were living.

BIO:In the Provincial Archives of Ontario at Ottawa is found a microfilm of Angelicque's Petition for a widow's pension. (C-2782)

TBL:From Thomas Slott, Quebec, dated 2 February 1826: Petition of Angelicque Munro, widow of the late Lt. Hugh Munro of the Royal Regiment of New York applying for pension of a deceased officer, and begs consideration by the Secretary of War. Capt. Hugh Munro died at St. Ours du St. Esprit on the 21st September, 1825 of an inflammation of the breast.
Recommendation that pension be granted signed by Col. John Johnson on 14th day of January 1826.
Notary of marriage by Francois Antoine LaRocque, Justice of the Peace of Montreal, dated 26th December, 1825. Copy of church marriage record.
Affidavit of death of Hugh Munro by Martin Strong Parker who attended him, and certified by P.C. Buckley, Physician at St. Ours du St. Esprit.
Separate copy of the church death register signed by Fr. Arsenault, Priest at St Ours du St. Esprit.
To Major General Darling, Quebec, from Angelique Munro, Montreal; Application for Deceased Officer Pension, dated 5 September, 1826.

BIO:HER FINAL YEARS IN MONTREAL

BIO:Angelique lived the last years of her life in Montreal for her children and grandchildren. She saw Emilie, her last spinster daughter, married in 1832 to Dr. Francis Boucher of Maskinonge'. She buries yet another daughter, Charlotte, in 1830. Of the sixteen children she has borne she now is comforted by only three. Has she given up hope that Hugh Jr., absent so long in the western wilderness, will return before she dies ? Her mind frequently dwells on the loved ones who have died, and, as a devout Catholic, much of her time is spent on prayers for all of them.

BIO:Angelique survives Hugh by a full twelve years, dying in Montreal in 1837 at the age of seventy-two.

BIO:Family record entry from notes at the Museum of Soulanges-Vaudreil,Quebec:

TBL:DIED: Beloved mother, Angelique Leroux, widow of Hugh Munro, died at the home of Dr. Lebourdais, a close friend, at Montreal, on the 22nd day of November 1837, after a period of illness, at the age of 72 years and 18 days, and was buried on the 24th day of November 1837 in the Leroux d'Esneval Vault of the Notre Dame' Church in Montreal.

References:

(1) Clan Munro files - Munro, Henry Dallas - GEDCOM file HMUNRO.GED dated 9 Oct
1996

(2) "The Munro Eagle" - number 27 - summer 1997-1998 - p. 34

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Compiled and edited by Allen Alger, Genealogist, Clan Munro Association, USA